SUMMARY:
- Google confirmed plans for a data center campus in Botetourt County.
- Local opposition to the project has intensified in recent weeks.
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is accepting public comments on project through April 9.
On Thursday morning, a little over nine months after Botetourt County announced Google’s $14.1 million purchase of a 312-acre parcel in a Daleville industrial park for a data center campus, the California-based tech company confirmed the development in a news release.
“Google today announced plans to develop a data center campus in Botetourt County, centered on a commitment to responsibly build digital infrastructure through water stewardship, collaborative construction and investment in the local community and workforce,” the release stated.
What prompted Google to comment now?
“We previously announced the land closure for a potential data center site in partnership with the county,” an unnamed Google spokesperson stated in an email to Virginia Business Wednesday evening. “We can now confirm we will be moving forward with the project with mass grading starting in the coming months and wanted to provide the community with an update.”
Botetourt County issued its own release Thursday morning stressing the significance of Google’s release.
“With Google’s announcement, it is expected that additional information about the project will follow,” the county said in the news release. “Until today, the project was speculative in that it was a ‘proposed data center campus.’”
Roanoke Valley opposition to the data center complex has reached a fever pitch in recent weeks following news reports that Google would initially need 2 million gallons of water for the data center campus. As it grows, that need could balloon to 8 million gallons per day.
Prior to Tuesday’s Botetourt County Board of Supervisors meeting, a few dozen protesters carrying signs painted with slogans like “No Data Center” and “We Deserve Transparency” showed up to the Botetourt County Administration Center, which is located at the Botetourt Center at Greenfield, the same industrial park where the planned data center campus would be located. Several residents spoke against the project during the public comment portion of the meeting.
In Google’s release, the company stressed that it will pay for “all infrastructure required to serve the data center’s operations” related to water use. The company also noted that it entered into a power purchase agreement for the full output (79.3 megawatts) of the Rocky Forge Wind project, Virginia’s first onshore wind farm, in Botetourt. Charlottesville-based Apex Clean Energy, the developer of the wind farm, announced the partnership in late 2024.
Google’s release also emphasized its “broader commitment to being a responsible neighbor in the region.”
As proof of that commitment, the company pointed to a partnership with environmental and economic advocacy organization Appalachian Voices, which is based in Boone, North Carolina.
“Google is helping fund solar and battery storage installations that will create community resilience hubs in nearby towns like Duffield and Dungannon — providing reliable power, safe gathering spaces and critical resources during severe weather and other emergencies that increasingly affect the region,” the company said in a statement.
Not an endorsement
Google gave Appalachian Voices $700,000 to develop the community resilience hubs, according to Adam Wells, the organization’s regional director of community and economic development.
Resilience hubs provide resources to help people stay safe during weather-related disasters and other emergencies.
“The necessity for these hubs across Southwest Virginia and beyond has become more apparent in recent years as the region has repeatedly been hit hard by floods, storms and other weather-related emergencies,” Appalachian Voices said in a January statement about the project.
The project involves providing 30.5 kilowatts of solar energy installations at Dungannon’s Town Hall and historic depot, as well as 115 kilowatt-hours of battery storage at the depot. Additionally, Google is covering the costs for installing solar panels that would provide 75.6 kilowatts of energy and a 246 kilowatt-hour battery storage system at Appalachian Sustainable Development’s Appalachian Harvest building in Duffield.
Located in Scott County, Duffield and Dungannon are about a three-hour drive from Botetourt.
Google approached Appalachian Voices about funding for the project, according to Wells.
“We were glad to partner, to bring their investments to projects and communities where we’re working,” he said.
When discussing the project, Wells said Appalachian Voices stressed to the company that collaborating on the Southwest Virginia project was not an endorsement and was not related in any way “to a project Google is doing elsewhere.”
“The press release that they put out, I think, speaks to that in their own way,” Wells said. “I’m [taking] this opportunity to clarify that they’re not linked: the work in far Southwest Virginia and the Botetourt project.”
However, a Google spokesperson said in an email to Virginia Business that the projects in far Southwest Virginia are relevant to the data center campus being planned for the Botetourt Center at Greenfield.
“Our work with Appalachian Voices on the resilience hubs in Duffield and Dungannon benefits the resilience of the grid system that Botetourt residents are connected to,” the spokesperson said.
A Google spokesperson later sent a further statement: “While our regional resilience projects support the broader Virginia power grid, we want to clarify that the Appalachian Voices partnership is specifically focused on Southwest Virginia. Google’s direct community investments in Botetourt focus on local infrastructure and water stewardship, including our partnership with Virginia Tech.”
Appalachian Voices does not currently have a formal position on the data center campus Google is planning for Botetourt County, according to Wells.
“We do not support data centers that are fueled by on-site fossil fuel development,” he said. “That’s not happening here to our knowledge.”
Resources
Data centers typically require water to cool equipment.
Google’s Thursday release noted the company is exploring “multiple options” for cooling the data centers at the Botetourt campus.
A utility services funding agreement signed in October 2025 with the Western Virginia Water Authority, a utility that provides drinking water to customers in the city of Roanoke and the counties of Roanoke, Franklin and Botetourt, revealed that Google would initially require 2 million gallons of water per day at the Botetourt campus but could require up to 8 million gallons as it expands.
The average American family uses more than 300 gallons of water per day, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. That means 2 million gallons would be enough to serve more than 18,000 homes for a year.
In its Thursday news release, Google noted that “any water use would be pursued under existing regulatory requirements.”
“Google takes a data-driven approach to responsible water use for its data center operations,” the company said in the release. “Using a framework that evaluates a location’s watershed health at the local level, Google makes cooling decisions that minimize environmental impact in the communities where it operates.
“In Botetourt County, the high quality of water means that we can circulate it multiple times through our cooling system, reducing the amount of water needed for operations,” the statement continued. “This approach reflects Google’s broader commitment to building efficient infrastructure while strengthening local resources and supporting community well‑being.”
Additionally, the release stated Google is funding an expansion of Virginia Tech’s monitoring of WVWA’s reservoirs to include Carvins Cove, the authority’s largest surface water reservoir. The WVWA has said that the Botetourt data center campus would initially receive water from Carvins Cove.
“This research would enhance the understanding of seasonal drivers of water quality and help WVWA optimize the operation of its reservoir system,” Google said in the release.
The release also noted that “Google is committed to paying for 100% of the power and infrastructure costs associated with this site.”
Power for the campus will come from the regional grid, according to Google.
“Data center campuses run 24/7 and therefore require around-the-clock power,” a spokesperson for Google wrote in a follow-up email. “Wind does not blow 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and therefore cannot solely support a data center. This Google data center campus will be grid connected and serviced through Appalachian Power. The Rocky Forge Wind project will supplement the energy supplied through our work with Appalachian Power.”
The spokesperson also addressed timing for the project in an email.
A Section 404 permit application, which is required for the discharge of dredged or fill material into U.S. waters, for the Google data center campus in Botetourt is currently under review by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The federal agency will take comments on the project through April 9.
“Beyond federal wetlands permitting, the project must also clear state-level environmental reviews through the Virginia [Department of Environmental Quality] and finalize local county permits with Botetourt County,” the Google spokesperson said in the statement. “While we are eager to begin, a firm construction start date has not been set because it is contingent on the completion of these thorough oversight processes.”
Botetourt County’s news release said that the incremental tax base for the each of the three data centers planned for the Google campus in Botetourt “is expected to yield at least $10 million in annual local taxation.”
“By generating new revenues and having the company fund its infrastructure, this investment allows us to strengthen our community while also planning responsibly,” Botetourt County Administrator Gary Larrowe said in the news release.
Editor’s note: This story has been updated.