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Virginia Best Places to Work 2025 Presenting Sponsor: Spurrier Group

Spurrier Group is a female-founded performance media marketing partner that is dedicated to developing campaigns that are anchored by measurable ROI. They have created and launched customized marketing campaigns that capture audiences and achieve exceptional results for a wide variety of global, national, and regional clients, including a long history in federal and state government communications.

Agency founder Donna Spurrier grew up in the advertising industry as the daughter of Jess Duboy from the Duboy Agency, which revolutionized auto advertising with the invention of the Sell-a-thon and the Toyota-thon. While the creative side of the business was evolving, the overall ad world wasn’t very flexible in the late 20th century. There was creative, there was media, and they didn’t coordinate much. This divide is what prompted Donna to start a media agency that would be designed to connect media and creative.

As the agency progressed in research and strategy development, they were able to perfect their particular form of media which is completely performance-based. Spurrier Group has a robust full-funnel approach to paid media that is based on ROI and RoAS. In today’s world, knowing that your advertising dollars are precisely working as they are supposed to is reassuring to clients and true to the original reason that Spurrier Group was founded over
25 years ago. They’ve never abandoned their core beliefs and have continued to perfect this form of media. In short, it’s consumer-centric, performance-based and always collaborative.

Today, Spurrier Group is leading the way into the ever-changing media landscape with a team of whip-smart women. At the heart of the operation is the Media Intelligence Team (MIT), a high-performance collaborative model that transcends traditional agency structures with an agile, cross-trained team specifically designed to excel at complex, high-volume media operations. This team is filled with senior media strategists, traditional media buyers, digital media specialists, and analytics professionals. Most recently, Spurrier Group is enhancing their capabilities by establishing a Chicago office staffed with traditional media professionals who support during peak campaign periods and maintain service excellence.

All the hard work has surely paid off as Spurrier Group has been awarded as one of the by Virginia Business Magazine for the past three years and also rank on the Inc. 5000 list of fastest growing private companies in America, both in 2022 and 2024. Corporate philanthropy remains an important pillar of the company, as they give their time and talents to notable organizations such as Children’s of , St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, American Humane Society, and the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children.

Top Five April 2025

1 | Booz Allen fires subcontractor who wrote document about DOGE access to Treasury
McLean-based Fortune 500 management consulting contractor fired a subcontractor who warned the U.S. Treasury Department about the Department of Government Efficiency having access to the Treasury’s payment system. (Feb. 11)

2 | U.Va. board votes to continue gender-affirming care for existing patients under 19
During a Feb. 21 special meeting, the ‘s board of visitors voted for Health to continue providing gender-affirming treatment to people under 19, but only to current patients. (Feb. 21)

3 | $230 million chocolate factory coming to Frederick
Gov. Glenn Youngkin announced Feb. 28 that Wisconsin chocolate manufacturer Clasen Quality Chocolate plans to create 250 jobs at its upcoming production facility in . (Feb. 28)

4 | Reports of NoVa housing market’s demise are greatly exaggerated, experts say
A February Facebook post inaccurately suggested federal workforce reductions had caused a flurry of home sales. (Feb. 17)

5 | UVA Health CEO resigns
Dr. Craig Kent resigned as CEO of on Feb. 25, following a closed session meeting of the University of Virginia’s board of visitors. (Feb. 26)

Virginia Best Places to Work 2025 Reception Sponsor: Virginia Utility Protection Service

Virginia Utility Protection Service, commonly known as Virginia 811, is a not-for-profit organization serving as the designated one-call notification center for the Commonwealth of Virginia. Established by Virginia’s utility companies, Virginia 811 plays a critical role in protecting underground infrastructure and ensuring public safety.

Every year, millions of miles of underground utility lines—including gas, electric, water, sewer, and telecommunications—are at risk of accidental damage due to excavation. Striking a buried utility can result in serious injuries, costly repairs, service disruptions, and environmental hazards. Virginia 811 helps prevent these risks by acting as a communication link between excavators and utility owners.

By contacting Virginia 811 before digging, homeowners, contractors, and professional excavators ensure that public underground utilities are properly marked, reducing the chances of accidents and damage. Virginia 811 operates 24/7, receiving locate requests online at VA811.com or via phone by dialing 811. These requests are then transmitted to utility companies, who send locators to mark their public underground lines.

Beyond processing locate requests, Virginia 811 is committed to public education and outreach, working with industry professionals, community organizations, and government agencies to promote safe digging practices. Through training programs, awareness campaigns, and partnerships, Virginia 811 strives to reduce utility damages and protect Virginia’s essential infrastructure.

For more information on safe digging and Virginia 811’s services, visit VA811.comVA811.com. Always contact Virginia 811 before you dig—it’s free, easy, and the !

NASA’s newly returned astronauts say they would fly on Boeing’s Starliner capsule again

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — NASA’s celebrity astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams said Monday that they hold themselves partly responsible for what went wrong on their space sprint-turned-marathon and would fly on Boeing’s Starliner again.

SpaceX recently ferried the duo home after more than nine months at the International Space Station, filling in for Boeing that returned to Earth without them last year.

In their first news conference since coming home, the pair said they were taken aback by all the interest and insisted they were only doing their job and putting the mission ahead of themselves and even their families.

Wilmore didn’t shy from accepting some of the blame for Boeing’s bungled test flight.

“I’ll start and point the finger and I’ll blame me. I could have asked some questions and the answers to those questions could have turned the tide,” he told reporters. “All the way up and down the chain. We all are responsible. We all own this.”

Both astronauts said they would strap into Starliner again. “Because we’re going to rectify all the issues that we encountered. We’re going to fix them. We’re going to make it work,” Wilmore said, adding he’d go back up “in a heartbeat.”

Williams noted that Starliner has “a lot of capability” and she wants to see it succeed. “We’re all in,” she said.

The two will meet with Boeing leadership on Wednesday to provide a rundown on the flight and its problems.

“It’s not for pointing fingers,” Wilmore said. “It’s just to make the path clearer going forward.”

The longtime astronauts and retired Navy captains ended up spending 286 days in space — 278 days more than planned when they blasted off on Boeing’s first astronaut flight on June 5. The test pilots had to intervene in order for the Starliner capsule to reach the space station, as thrusters failed and helium leaked.

Their space station stay kept getting extended as engineers debated how to proceed. NASA finally judged Starliner too dangerous to bring Wilmore and Williams back and transferred them to SpaceX. But the launch of their replacements got stalled, stretching their mission beyond nine months.

urged SpaceX’s Elon Musk to hurry things up, adding to the stuck astronauts’ ordeal. The dragged-out drama finally ended two weeks ago with a flawless splashdown by SpaceX off the Florida Panhandle.

“It’s great being back home after being up there,” Williams told The Associated Press in an interview. She waited until she was steadier on her feet before reuniting with her two Labrador retrievers the day after splashdown. “Pure joy.”

Wilmore already has a to-do list. His wife wants to replace all the shrubs in their yard before summer. “So I’ve got to get my body ready to dig holes,” he told the AP.
NASA said engineers still do not understand why Starliner’s thrusters malfunctioned; more tests are planned through the summer. If engineers can figure out the thruster and leak issues, “Starliner is ready to go,” Wilmore said.

The space agency may require another test flight — with cargo — before allowing astronauts to climb aboard. That redo could come by year’s end.
Despite Starliner’s rocky road, NASA officials said they stand behind the decision made years ago to have two competing U.S. companies providing taxi service to and from the space station. But time is running out: The space station is set to be abandoned in five years and replaced in orbit by privately operated labs.
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AP video journalist Lekan Oyekanmi contributed from Houston.
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The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

Stock markets fall worldwide as Trump’s ‘Liberation Day’ approaches

NEW YORK (AP) — ‘s “Liberation Day” is fast approaching, and stock markets from Wall Street to Wellington, New Zealand, are falling Monday in advance of it.

In New York, the S&P 500 was down 0.4% following one of its worst losses of the past couple of years on Friday. It’s on track to finish the first three months of the year with a loss of 5.5%, which could make this its worst quarter in nearly three years.

The index had been down as much as 1.7%, but it pared its loss as the day progressed. The Dow Jones Industrial Average completely erased its early drop and was up 83 points, or 0.2%, as of 1:19 p.m. Eastern time. But sharp slides for Tesla, Nvidia and other influential Big Tech stocks had the Nasdaq composite down 1.2%.
The U.S. stock market’s swings followed a sell-off that spanned the world earlier Monday as worries build that coming Wednesday from will worsen inflation and grind down growth for economies. Trump has said he’s plowing ahead in part because he wants more jobs back in the United States.
In Japan, the Nikkei 225 index dropped 4%. South Korea’s Kospi sank 3%, and France’s CAC 40 fell 1.6%. In New Zealand, the NZX 50 slipped a more modest 0.1%.
Instead of stocks, which can be some of the riskiest possible investments, prices strengthened for things considered safer bets when the is looking shaky. Gold rose again to briefly crest $3,160 per ounce.

Prices for Treasury bonds also climbed, which in turn sent their yields down. The yield on the 10-year Treasury fell to 4.24% from 4.27% late Friday and from roughly 4.80% in January. It’s been falling as worries build about tariffs.

On Wednesday, the United States is set to begin what Trump calls “reciprocal” tariffs, which will be tailored to match what he sees is the burden each country places on his, including things like value-added taxes. Much is still unknown, including exactly what the U.S. government will do on “Liberation Day.”
At Goldman Sachs, economists expect Trump to announce an average 15% reciprocal tariff. They also raised their forecast for inflation and lowered it for U.S. economic growth for the end of the year.

Altogether, they now see a 35% chance of recession in the next year, up from an earlier forecast of 20%, “reflecting our lower growth forecast, falling confidence, and statements from White House officials indicating willingness to tolerate economic pain,” according to Goldman Sachs economist David Mericle.
If the April 2 tariffs end up being less onerous than investors fear — maybe Trump includes no additional tariff increases on China, for example — stocks could rally. But if they end up being a worst-case scenario, which also gets businesses so fearful that they start cutting their workforces, something that hasn’t happened so far, stocks could sink much further.

Of course, there’s also the chance that April 2 does little to clear the uncertainty. It could end up being merely a “stepping stone for further negotiations” instead of a big “clearing event” for the market, according to Michael Wilson and other strategists at Morgan Stanley.

“This means policy uncertainty and growth risks are likely to persist — it’s a question of to what degree,” Wilson wrote in a report.

One worry is that even if Trump’s tariffs end up being less harsh than feared, all the uncertainty created by them could alone cause U.S. households and businesses to freeze their spending, which would hurt an economy that had been running at a solid pace at the close of last year.

Either way, some familiar names were leading the way downward on Wall Street Monday.

Tesla fell 3% to bring its loss for the year so far to 36.7%. It’s been one of the worst performers in the S&P 500 so far this year in large part because of fears that the electric-vehicle maker’s brand has become too intertwined with its CEO, Elon Musk.

Musk has been leading U.S. government efforts to cut spending, making him a target of growing political anger, and protests have been swarming Tesla showrooms as a result.

It’s a sharp drop-off following a surge of roughly 90% in the weeks following November’s Election Day, when the thought was that Musk’s close relationship with

Trump could help the company’s finances. Tesla’s stock is roughly back to where it was on Nov. 5.
Other Big Tech stocks also helped to pull the market lower. They’ve been at the center of the recent sell-off in large part because of criticism that their stock prices had become too expensive. Critics pointed to how their prices rose much faster than their already quick-growing profits in recent years.
Nvidia, which has ridden the frenzy around artificial-intelligence technology to become one of Wall Street’s most influential stocks, fell 3.5% to bring its loss for the year so far to 21.2%.

Stocks of companies that need customers feeling flush enough to spend were also among Monday’s worst performers, as they’ve been so far this year.
United Airlines lost 2.5%, and Delta Air Lines gave up 1.5%.

On the winning side of Wall Street was Mr. Cooper, which jumped 14.4% after the home loan servicer said it’s being bought by mortgage company Rocket in an all-stock deal valued at $9.4 billion. The deal comes just weeks after Rocket acquired listing company Redfin, and Rocket’s stock fell 10.4%.
In stock markets abroad, Thailand’s SET lost 1.5% after a powerful earthquake centered in Myanmar rattled the region, causing widespread destruction in the country, also known as Burma, and less damage in places like Bangkok.

Shares in Italian Thai Development, developer of a partially built 30-story high-rise office building under construction that collapsed, tumbled 26.9%. Thai officials said they are investigating the cause of the disaster, which left dozens of construction workers missing.
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AP Writers Junzhe Jiang and Matt Ott contributed.

Former Alexandria laser tag arena sells for $6M

The owners of an Goddard School, an early childhood learning , plan to open a second location in the city in a 20,000-square-foot building that started out as a roller-skating rink and was later home to a laser tag arena.

The private preschool will take up 75% of the building at 5508 Franconia Road and the remainder will be home to a SafeSplash Swim School, according to a Wednesday announcement by , an independent brokerage with headquarters in Washington D.C.

The location will accommodate up to 180 students, the news release stated. The owners plan interior and landscaping renovations.

Jain Properties, a Springfield entity, paid $6 million on Feb. 19 for the property, according to  Property records.

Since 2005, the building, which was built in 1972, had been home to ShadowLand Laser Adventures, an arcade and laser tag operation. It sits on 1.8 acres.

The seller was represented by Marc Tasker, Vito Lupo, Steve Combs and Jack Regler of KLNB. Bryan Ramos of Washington-D.C.,-based Retail22 Advisors represented the buyer.

Nationally, there are more than 640 Goddard Schools.

VCU Health performs nation’s first fully robotic living donor liver transplant

Richmond-based made history this month by becoming the first center in the United States to perform a fully robotic liver transplant using a liver from a living donor.

VCU Health said the procedure, which was led by the interim surgical director of liver transplant Seung Duk Lee, used the da Vinci 5 surgical system, the latest and most advanced robotic technology available.

“This achievement marks a new era in liver transplantation, allowing us to perform highly complex procedures with greater precision, less invasiveness, and improved outcomes for our patients,” Lee said in a statement. “Very few centers offer robotic surgery for liver transplant patients, but at Hume-Lee, we are committed to redefining what is possible in order to offer our patients safer, faster recoveries with fewer complications.”

According to VCU Health, one of the advantages of robotic-assisted liver transplantation over traditional open surgery is smaller incisions, which reduce pain and scarring. Other advantages include greater precision and control, reduced blood loss, shorter stays and faster recovery times.

Director of Hume-Lee Transplant Center David Bruno in a statement that a procedure of this complexity required both cutting-edge technology and “an incredible team of experts.”

“Being the first in the nation to complete a fully robotic living donor liver transplant is a testament to the collaboration, skill and dedication of our surgeons, transplant hepatologists, and entire care team,” Bruno said. “Innovation in transplant surgery doesn’t happen in isolation — it happens through teamwork, and I’m incredibly proud of our continued advancement in this field to positively impact our patients.”

VCU Health Assistant Director of Public Relations Leigh Farmer said VCU Health began using the da Vinci system in 2014 and acquired the latest da Vinci 5 in December of 2024.

“We were the first in the world to use this system for living donor liver retrieval in January of this year,” she said in an email. This month, VCU Health used the same system on a recipient of a liver from a living donor.

VCU Health says the need for liver is growing and pointed to CDC data showing that 4.5 million adults 18 and older are diagnosed with liver disease.

Because thousands of patients are being added to the liver transplant waitlist every year, VCU Health says there is an urgent need for innovative surgical approaches that improve access to transplantation.

Trump administration cancels clean energy grants as it prioritizes fossil fuels

President Donald ‘s administration is terminating grants for two clean projects and roughly 300 others funded by the are in jeopardy as the president prioritizes fossil fuels.

The DOE is canceling two awards to a nonprofit climate think tank, RMI in Colorado, according to a document from the agency confirming the cancellations that was reviewed by The Associated Press on Friday. One was for nearly $5.3 million to retrofit low-income multifamily buildings in Massachusetts and California to demonstrate ways to reduce the use of energy and lower planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions. The other was for $1.5 million to assess business models for electric vehicle carsharing in U.S. cities.

The department wrote that it had determined the awards do not meet the administration’s objectives. Both awards are on a list of about 300 projects under review. declared an energy emergency early in his term and is working to speed up fossil fuel development, which he sums up as “drill, baby, drill.”

The burning of oil, gas and coal is the main contributor to caused by human activity. President Joe tried to lock in a trajectory for reducing the nation’s greenhouse gas emissions. As his term came to an end, his administration raced to award billions of dollars for clean energy and approved major offshore wind projects.

RMI spokeswoman Dina Capiello confirmed the organization had received a termination letter for the EV carsharing viability work, and had anticipated it. That work won’t proceed as a result of the funding being pulled back. As of Friday afternoon, she said she hadn’t seen a second letter, but the retrofitting work is due to finish in June using a grant announced during Trump’s first term.

E&E News first reported last week that the DOE was creating a “hit list” of clean energy projects awarded billions of dollars that the could wipe out.

The list, obtained by the AP, includes wind, solar, battery storage and electric vehicle infrastructure projects. It includes funding to help heavy industries transition away from fossil fuels and funding to decarbonize buildings. Many projects were funded through the $1 trillion bipartisan infrastructure  Biden signed in 2021.

Separately, the Environmental Protection Agency terminated grant agreements this month worth $20 billion issued by the under a so-called green bank to finance clean energy and climate-friendly projects. A federal judge has blocked the administration from ending the grant program for now.

U.S. Rep. Marcy Kaptur, an Ohio Democrat, said halting clean energy projects will increase energy costs for families and businesses, and the Energy Department must carry out duly-enacted spending laws.

“We need the Department of Energy to work with us, not against us, to lower energy costs and help create good-paying jobs, but at a bare minimum, we demand the department to follow the law as intended,” Kaptur, the top Democrat of the House Appropriations energy subcommittee, said in a statement.

RMI has received government contracts and grants under Republican and Democratic administrations since its founding in 1982. Cappiello said that money has been used to help advance secure, reliable, efficient and clean energy solutions. The current administration’s actions will slow and could eventually halt the many benefits of moving a clean energy agenda forward, such as lowering energy costs, making communities resilient and creating jobs, she said in a statement.

Installation of renewable energy worldwide hit a record high last year, with 92.5% of all new electricity brought online coming from the sun, wind or other clean sources, according to a Wednesday report by the International Renewable Energy Agency. China led the way, with nearly 64% of the new renewable electricity capacity in 2024 installed there.

Convicted of bilking investors, Nikola founder and Trump donor gets a presidential pardon

Trevor Milton, the founder of electric vehicle startup who was sentenced to prison last year for fraud, was pardoned by , the White House confirmed Friday.

The of Milton, who was sentenced to four years in prison for exaggerating the potential of his technology, could wipe out hundreds of millions of dollars in restitution that prosecutors were seeking for defrauded investors.

Milton, 42, and his wife donated more than $1.8 million to a re-election campaign fund less than a month before the November election, according to the Federal Election Commission.

At Milton’s trial, prosecutors say a company video of a prototype truck appearing to be driven down a desert highway was actually a video of a nonfunctioning Nikola that had been rolled down a hill.

Milton had not been incarcerated pending an appeal.

Milton said late Thursday on social media that he had been pardoned by Trump.

“I am incredibly grateful to President Trump for his courage in standing up for what is right and for granting me this sacred pardon of innocence,” Milton said.

The White House confirmed the pardon Friday, though there was no notice of a pardon on the White House website.

When asked by a reporter in a news conference Friday why he pardoned Milton, Trump said it was “highly recommended by many people.” Trump suggested that Milton was prosecuted because he supported the president.

“They say the the thing that he did wrong was he was one of the first people that supported a gentleman named Donald Trump for president,” Trump said.

Trump went on to say that Milton “did nothing wrong” and that the Southern District of New York’s prosecutors were “a vicious group of people.”

During his case, Milton was defended by two lawyers with connections to Trump: Marc Mukasey, who has represented the Trump Organization; and Brad Bondi, the brother of Pam Bondi, who Trump appointed as U.S. Attorney General.

Trump wasted little time in using his pardon power since beginning his second term. Hours after taking office, he wiped clean the records of roughly 1,500 people who participated in the Jan. 6, 2021, riot at the U.S. Capitol. The next day, Trump announced that he had pardoned Ross Ulbricht, the founder of Silk Road, an underground website for selling drugs.

Ulbricht had been sentenced to life in prison in 2015 after a high-profile prosecution that highlighted the role of the internet in illegal markets.

Nikola, which was a hot startup and rising star on Wall Street before becoming enmeshed in scandal, filed for Chapter 11 protection in February.

Milton, convicted of fraud, was portrayed by prosecutors as a con man six years after he had founded the company in a basement in Utah.

Prosecutors said Milton falsely claimed to have built its own revolutionary truck that was actually a General Motors product with Nikola’s logo stamped onto it.

Called as a government witness, Nikola’s CEO testified that Milton “was prone to exaggeration” when pitching his venture to investors.

Milton resigned in 2020 amid reports of fraud that sent Nikola’s stock prices into a tailspin. Investors suffered heavy losses as reports questioned Milton’s claims that the company had already produced zero-emission 18-wheel trucks.

The company paid $125 million in 2021 to settle a civil case against it by the SEC. Nikola didn’t admit any wrongdoing.

The U.S. District Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, which prosecuted the case, declined to comment on Milton’s pardon.

At the time of his conviction U.S. Attorney Damian Williams said, “Trevor Milton lied to investors again and again — on social media, on television, on podcasts, and in print. But today’s sentence should be a warning to startup founders and corporate executives everywhere — ‘fake it till you make it’ is not an excuse for fraud, and if you mislead your investors, you will pay a stiff price.”

Noted economist honored by Trump warns his 25% tariffs could add $4,711 to the cost of a vehicle

WASHINGTON (AP) — Noted economist Arthur Laffer warns in a new analysis that President Donald ‘s 25% tariffs on auto imports could add $4,711 to the cost of a vehicle and says the proposed taxes could weaken the ability of U.S. automakers to compete with their foreign counterparts.

In the 21-page analysis obtained by The Associated Press, Laffer, whom Trump awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2019 for his contributions to economics, says the auto industry would be in a better position if the Republican president preserved the supply chain rules with Canada and Mexico from his own 2019 USMCA trade pact.

The White House has temporarily exempted auto and parts imports under the USMCA from the starting on April 3 so that the can put together a process for taxing non-U.S. content in vehicles and parts that fall under the agreement.

“Without this exemption, the proposed tariff risks causing irreparable damage to the industry, contradicting the administration’s goals of strengthening U.S. and economic stability,” Laffer writes in the analysis. “A 25% tariff would not only shrink, or possibly eliminate, profit margins for U.S. manufacturers but also weaken their ability to compete with international rivals.”

In a Friday interview with The Associated Press, Laffer said the report had caused a “kerfuffle” and cautioned that it only applied to the economics, rather than Trump’s negotiating skills and strategic approach to trade.

“The report shows the economics of what would happen were the tariffs to be put in place,” he said. “This is about facts, not how we feel.”

The economist was quick to also praise Trump as a negotiator who has deep knowledge of trade issues, indicating that the tariff threats could be used as they had during Trump’s first term to ultimately lower barriers to trade and improve outcomes for the U.S. .

“Donald Trump is more familiar with the gains from trade than any politician I’ve ever talked to in my life,” Laffer said. ”Do not take this paper in any way, shape or form as criticizing Donald Trump and what his strategies are.”

He added that he trusts the president and sees him as exceptionally competent.

While Trump’s tariff plans have frightened the stock market and U.S. consumers, Laffer’s analysis and other reports show the possible economic risks if the threat of import taxes is unable to produce a durable set of deals with other countries. The paper reminds Trump that it’s not too late to change course, specifically complimenting the USMCA negotiated in his first term as a “significant achievement.”

“The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) has served as a cornerstone of President Trump’s first term and has quickly become a dominant feature of North American trade policy, fostering economic growth, stabilizing supply chains, and strengthening the U.S. auto industry,” Laffer writes.

The analysis says that the per vehicle cost without the USMCA exemption would be $4,711, but that figure would be a lower $2,765 if the exemptions were sustained.

Trump honored Laffer with the highest civilian honor 45 years after the economist famously sketched out on a napkin the Laffer curve, showing that there’s an optimal tax rate for collecting revenue.

The bell-shaped curve indicated that there’s a tax rate so high that it could be self-defeating for generating tax revenues. Many Republicans embraced the curve as evidence that lower tax rates could generate stronger growth that would lead to higher tax revenues.

“Dr. Laffer helped inspire, guide, and implement extraordinary economic reforms that recognize the power of human freedom and ingenuity to grow our economy and lift families out of poverty and into a really bright future,” Trump said in awarding him the medal.

Laffer served on the economic policy advisory board of President Ronald Reagan, in addition to being a university professor. He has his own economic consultancy, Laffer Associates. In 1970, he was the first chief economist of the White House Office of Management and Budget.

Laffer also advised Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign and co-wrote a flattering book, “Trumponomics: Inside the America First Plan to Revive Our Economy.”

Trump maintains that 25% tariffs will cause more foreign and domestic automakers to expand production and open new factories in the United States. On Monday, he celebrated a planned $5.8 billion investment by South Korean automaker Hyundai to build a steel plant in Louisiana as evidence that his strategy would succeed.

Trump said the 25% auto tariffs would help to reduce the federal budget deficit while moving more production into the United States.

“For the most part, I think it’s going to lead cars to be made in one location,” Trump told reporters on Wednesday. “For right now, the car would be made here, sent to Canada, sent to Mexico, sent to all over the place. It’s ridiculous.”